Arabic language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "'Arabic' redirects here. For other uses, see Arabic (disambiguation).
Arabic
العربية al-‘arabiyyah
al-‘Arabiyyah in written Arabic (Naskh script):
Pronunciation: /alˌʕaraˈbijja/
Spoken in: Algeria, Bahrain, Chad, Egypt, Eritrea, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestinian territories, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Western Sahara, Yemen as one of the official languages; Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Turkey by the local Arab minorities; it is also the liturgical language of Islam.
Total speakers: Estimates of native speakers between 186 and 422 million and as many as 246 million non-native speakers [1].
Ranking: 2 [2] to 6[3] (native speakers)
Language family: Afro-Asiatic
Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Arabic
Writing system: Arabic alphabet
Official status
Official language in: Official language of 25 countries, the third most after English and French[5]
List[show]
Flag of Algeria Algeria
Flag of Bahrain Bahrain
Flag of the Comoros Comoros
Flag of Chad Chad
Flag of Djibouti Djibouti
Flag of Egypt Egypt
Flag of Eritrea Eritrea
Flag of Iraq Iraq
Flag of Israel Israel
Flag of Jordan"
Water Welch 1827 Ireland
===========Margaret Mc Gann Wel;ch 1835 ===========Bloomington , Illinois ========
Children ======================1880 Census US
======== John ====== 1865
Henry ====B 1866 ======Joseph 1857 =====
Walter ===b 1868
Albert ===b 1870 ==Mary Morrjssey 1857 B NJ
William ---1872
Maggie 1878
Catherine 1857 1900 ( Children
Joseph Welch and Mary Morrison
Thomas 1862 =======
Children of Joseph Welch and Mary
I Children
( A ) Maggie 1878
( B ) Agnes 1881
( C ) Mary 1883
( D) Kate 1886
( E ) Joseph Jr 1888
Sunday, June 29, 2008
Senator Obama what is your record on collecting child support in the state of Illinois
Senator Obama what is your record on collecting child support in the state of Illinois: "Senator Obama what is your record on collecting child support in the state of Illinois
The absence of action is an endangered species."
The absence of action is an endangered species."
Saturday, June 28, 2008
Mavi Boncuk: Hungarian Jewry during the Ottoman Period
Mavi Boncuk: Hungarian Jewry during the Ottoman Period: "s is The Great Synagogue on Dohany Street in Budapest. It is also known as the Dohany Synagogue, which oddly translates to the Tobacco Synagogue. It was built between 1854-1859 by the Jewish community of Pest according to the plans of the Viennese architect Ludwig Foerster. The outside of the synagogue is remniscient of a mosque, likely as a result of the Ottoman influence in Hungary.
Mavi Boncuk
Hungarian Jewry during the Ottoman Period
The first, temporary Ottoman conquest of Buda in 1526 caused many of the Jewish inhabitants to join the retreating Turks. As a result of this movement, congregations of Hungarian Jews formed within the important communities of the Balkans. After central Hungary was incorporated within the Ottoman Empire in 1541, the Jewish status was relatively satisfactory. Jewish settlement in Buda was renewed, and Sephardim of Asia Minor and Balkan origin also settled there. During the 17th century Buda was one of the most important communities of the Ottoman Empire. This was largely due to the authority of its rabbi, Ephraim b. Jacob ha-Kohen, author of Sha'ar Efrayim (1688).
In contrast, in the Hapsburg dominions of Hungary in this period hatred"
Mavi Boncuk
Hungarian Jewry during the Ottoman Period
The first, temporary Ottoman conquest of Buda in 1526 caused many of the Jewish inhabitants to join the retreating Turks. As a result of this movement, congregations of Hungarian Jews formed within the important communities of the Balkans. After central Hungary was incorporated within the Ottoman Empire in 1541, the Jewish status was relatively satisfactory. Jewish settlement in Buda was renewed, and Sephardim of Asia Minor and Balkan origin also settled there. During the 17th century Buda was one of the most important communities of the Ottoman Empire. This was largely due to the authority of its rabbi, Ephraim b. Jacob ha-Kohen, author of Sha'ar Efrayim (1688).
In contrast, in the Hapsburg dominions of Hungary in this period hatred"
Orientalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Orientalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "eaning of the term
Like the term Orient, Orientalism derives from the Latin word oriens (rising) and, equally likely, from the Greek word ('he'oros', the direction of the rising sun). 'Orient' is the opposite of Occident. In terms of The Old World, Europe was considered The Occident (The West), and its farthest-known extreme The Orient (The East). Dating from the Roman Empire until the Middle Ages, what is now, in the West, considered 'the Middle East' was then considered 'the Orient'. In that time, the flourishing cultures of the Far East were unknown, likewise Europe was unknown in the Far East.
In time, the common understanding of 'the Orient' has continually shifted eastwards, as Western explorers traveled farther in to Asia. In Biblical times, the Three Wise Men 'from the Orient' were actually Magi from 'The East', (relative to Judea), probably meaning the Persian Empire or Arabia. After a period, as Europe learned of countries farther East, the defined limit of 'the Orient' shifted eastwards, until it reached the Pacific Ocean, in what Westerners came to call 'the Far East'. In the West, these shifts in time confuse the scope (historical and geographic) of Oriental Studies.
Yet, there remain contexts where 'the Orient' and 'Oriental' denote older definitions, e.g. 'Oriental spices' typically are from the Ear"
Like the term Orient, Orientalism derives from the Latin word oriens (rising) and, equally likely, from the Greek word ('he'oros', the direction of the rising sun). 'Orient' is the opposite of Occident. In terms of The Old World, Europe was considered The Occident (The West), and its farthest-known extreme The Orient (The East). Dating from the Roman Empire until the Middle Ages, what is now, in the West, considered 'the Middle East' was then considered 'the Orient'. In that time, the flourishing cultures of the Far East were unknown, likewise Europe was unknown in the Far East.
In time, the common understanding of 'the Orient' has continually shifted eastwards, as Western explorers traveled farther in to Asia. In Biblical times, the Three Wise Men 'from the Orient' were actually Magi from 'The East', (relative to Judea), probably meaning the Persian Empire or Arabia. After a period, as Europe learned of countries farther East, the defined limit of 'the Orient' shifted eastwards, until it reached the Pacific Ocean, in what Westerners came to call 'the Far East'. In the West, these shifts in time confuse the scope (historical and geographic) of Oriental Studies.
Yet, there remain contexts where 'the Orient' and 'Oriental' denote older definitions, e.g. 'Oriental spices' typically are from the Ear"
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